Internal-combustion engine



April 10, 1928. 1,665,396

L. M. wooLsoN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Dec. 7, 1923 ZIK Patented Apr. 10, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LIONEL M. WOOLSON, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOB TO PACKARD MOTOR GAB COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION 0F MICHIGAN.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application med December 7, 1928. Serial No. 679,085.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and particularly to the form and construction of the cylinder and the valve supporting means.

The invention is adapted particularly for airplane engines or such engines as are required to be made as light as possible and yet must be reliable and adapted to continuous operation at full load.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a built-up cylinder construction which will be light and strong.

Another object of the invention is to p rovide a cylinder and a. valve supporting means with 4a gasket connection which is not subjected to the explosion pressure within the cylinder.

Another ob'ect of the invention is to provide a cylin er that may be formed of a steel barrel and a cup shaped head that may be suitably Welded together.

Another object of the invention is to provide a welded-on cylinder jacket construction of novel and eicient form.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel method of forming cylinder units for internal combustion engines.

Other objects 0f the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawing, which forms a part of this specification, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view and part elevation of an internal combustion engine made in accordance with this invention, the sectign being taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2, an

Fig. 2 is a plan and sectional view substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, 10 represents the engine crankcase and the three cylinders that are shown are generally represented by the numeral 11. The engine may comprise a pluralityy of cylinders arranged on the crankcase in line as shown, usually six cylinders in line being employed.

Each of the cylinders comprises a unit and all of them are detachably connected to a valve supporting block or valve supporting element at the head ends of the cylinders.

Each of the cylinder units, in the form of the invention shown, comprises a cylinder barrel 12 having a flange 13 adjacent its lower end, by which flange the cylinder is secured to the crankcase 10. A series of cooling flanges 14 are formed on the cylinder barrel and a thin radial Bange 15 1s provided a short distance above the flange 13. This Harige 15 is for making the joint with the water jacket of the cylinder as will later appear.

he upper end of the cylinder barrel 12 is thickened somewhat as shown at 16 so that it may be secured as by welding to the cylinder head 17. The cylinder head is referably of inverted cup shape with a t vickened lower end 18 similar to the end 16 of the cylinder barrel. The ends 16 and 18 are welded together as shown at 19 so that the parts 12 and 17 are integral. A piston 20 1s shown in the cylinder and this of course is connected to the crankshaft of the engine in the usual wa The cylinder head 17 forming the upper end of the cylinder has several upwardly extending bosses 21 in which are the intake and exhaust ports of the engine. At the inner ends of these bosses 21 are the valve seats, 22 being the inlet valve seats and 23 being the exhaust valve seats. Numerals 24 and 25, therefore, represent respectively the intake and the exhaust ports of the engine. As will be seen by reference to Fig. 2, there are two intake ports and two exhaust ports for each cylinder.

A plate 26 provided with openings for the bosses 21 is arranged over those bosses at the upper ends thereof roviding a. s ace 27 between the plate and) the upper ace of the head 17 for the cooling water to circulate over the top of the head. This plate 26 is welded to the upper ends of the bosses as shown at 28 and it thus becomes an integral part of the cylinder unit. The late is of circular disk form as shown particularly in Fig. 2, the left-hand side of which is a plan view of the plate, and it extends radially beyond the periphery of the cylinder barrel. Its outer edge is recessed as shown at 29 to provide a thin peripheral flange 30 for attachment to the cylinder jacket or water jacket casing. A sheet metal jacket 31 of cylindrical form surrounds the cylinder barrel between the flanges 15 and 30, this jacket being put over the cylinder before the plate 26 is secured to the bosses 21. The jacket 31 is crimped or beaded at both ends, as indicated at 32 in Fig. l, so that its extreme ends 33 extend outwardly substantiall parallel to said flanges and in contact wit Vthem. The extreme ends of the jacket are welded to said flanges 15 and 30 to complete the construction of the cylinder unit and thus form a water 'acket space entirely around the cylinder a ove the iiange 15,

Mounted upon the cylinder units 11 1s a valve supporting block 34 in whlch are 1ntake and exhaust elbow passages 35 and 36, which register respectively with intake and exhaust ports 24 and 25 of the cyllnder unlt. Surrounding these passages 1s a water jacket 37 formed as an integral part of the block.

The block 34 is detachably secured to the cylinder units b a plurality of bolts 38 which are threa ed into suitable bosses 39 formed in the head portion 17 of the cylin ders, and arranged between the lower face of the block 34 and the upper face of the cylinder unit is a gasket 40 of suitable .construction to allow for the various openings in the cylinder unit. By this arrangement of gasket between the cylinder unit and the valve supporting member it will be seen that there is no exposure of the gasket to the explosion pressure in the cylinder.

The valve supporting member 34 has valve guides 41 for the intake valves 42 and the exhaust valves 43 and suitable means may be provided for operating these valves. The block 34 and the plate 26, as well as the gasket 40, are provided with suitable aligned openin s forming assages 44 between the cylin er water jac et and the water jacket 37 of the valve supporting member. There are several of these passages 44 for each cylinder as shown particularly in Fi 2.

Vhile I have herein described in some detail a specific embodiment of my invention, which I deem to be new and advantageous and may s ecically claim, I do not desire it to be un erstood that my invention is limited to the exact details of the construction, as it will be apparent that changes may be made therein Without departing from the spirit or scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder having upwardly extending bosses forming the cylinder ports, a plate welded to said bosses and extending su stantially parallel'to the top of the cylinder and beyond the cylinder barrel, a Water jacket easing secured to the periphery of said plate and extending downwardly parallel to the wall of the cylinder and secured thereto near its lower end, and a valve supporting element secured t0 the cylinder above sai plate and having a water jacket 1n communication with the Water jacket of the cylinder.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder barrel, a cylinder head welded to said barrel and having upwardly extending bosses forming inlet and exhaust ports, a plate fitting over said bosses and welded thereto, valves seated in said cylinder head inside of said bosses, a valve supporting block mounted above 'said )late and detacllably secured to said cylinder head, and a gasket arranged between said block and said plate.

3. In engine cylinder construction, a cylinder barrel having a thin radial flange, a sheet metal jacket around the cylinder barrel having its end crimped to fit against said flange, the extreme edges of said jacket and flange being welded together.

4. In engine cylinder construction, a cylinder barrel having a flange near its lower end, a plate secured to the cylinder barrel near its upper end, said plate having a thin radially extending peripheral flange, and a sheet metal jacket having its ends welded to said flanges.

5. In engine cylinder construction, a cylinder comprising a radially extending plate peripherally recessed to form a thin radially extending flange, and a sheet metal jacket having its end welded to said flange.

6. In cylinder construction, a cylinder having a thin radially extending flange, and a sheet metal jacket surrounding the cylinder to form a water jacket space and having its end beaded inwardly so that the extreme edge extends radially outward Parallel to said fiange, said extreme edge being welded to said flange.

7 In an internal combustion en ine, the combination of a plurality of cylin er units each havingupwardly extending bosses at its upper end forming cylinder ports, a plate welded to the bosses of each said cylinder above the top of the cylinder so that a cooling space is provided between the cylinder top and said plate, a water jacket casing secured to the periphery of said plate and to the cylinder near its lower end, and a valve supporting block for all of said cylinders and to w ich said cylinders are connected, said block having a water jacket in communication with the water jacket of said cylinder.

8. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder having an upwardly extending boss forming a c linder port, the inner end of said boss w ere it joins the cylinder head forming the valve seat and the boss being of substantially the same thickness of metal throughout, a plate welded to said boss above the top of the cylinder so that a cooling space is'provided close to and entirely around said valve seat, and a water jacket easing secured to said plate and to the cylinder.

' 9. In an engine, a cylinder unit comprismg a barrel portion, an inverted cup-shaped head portion welded thereto, said head porllU Lacasse tion having upwardl extending bosses, a plate secured to sai bosses, and a water jacket casing secured to the eriphery of said plate and to said cylinder arrel.

10. In an engine, a cylinder unit compris- -ing a cylinder barrel with a radial ange near its lower end, a plate secured to the upper end of the cylinder barrel, a water jacket casing which is smaller at points intemediate its ends than the outside diameter of said flange, said casing being welded to said ange and said plate.

11. In engine construction, a cylinder having a thin integral flan e, a circumferentially beaded sheet metal jacket surrounding the cylinder and having its extreme end in contact with said fian e, said extreme end being welded to the en of said ange.

12. In an en ine, a cylinder unit comprising a cylinder arrel having a radial flan e, a. sheet metal jacket surrounding said cyllnder and being of external diameter no larger than the outside diameter of said ange, one end of the jacket and said fiange belng so welded together that the end of the jacket does not extend beyond the circumference of said flange.

13. In an en `ne, a cylinder unit comprising a cylinder arrel with flanges at its upper and lower ends, a water jacket casing surrounding said barrel and beaded inwardly at both ends so that its extreme edges extend radially outward parallel to and a ainst said flanges, said extreme edges eing welded to said anges respectively.

14. In an engine, a cylinder unit comprising a cylinder barrel with a. radial flange near its lower end, a plate secured to the upper end of the cylinder barrel, a water jacket casing circumferentially beaded inwardly at oints between its ends thereby making the beaded part of the casing smaller than the outside diameter of said flange, said casin being welded at its ends to said flange an said plate respectively.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

LIONEL M. WOOLSON.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1, 665, 396.

Granted April 1.0. 1928. to

LIONEL M. WOOLSON.

i It iai'hereby certified that error appears n the printed specification of the aboveu nlllbered patent requiring correctitm as follows: Page 1, lines 101 and 102, ystrike ont the werds "or water jacket casing" and insert the same to follow alter the word "jacket" and before the numeral "31" in line 102; and that said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the recordcf the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 31st day of July,l A. D. 1928.

(Seal) l M. J. Moore,

Acting Comisaioner of Patents.

Lacasse tion having upwardl extending bosses, a plate secured to sai bosses, and a water jacket casing secured to the eriphery of said plate and to said cylinder arrel.

10. In an engine, a cylinder unit compris- -ing a cylinder barrel with a radial ange near its lower end, a plate secured to the upper end of the cylinder barrel, a water jacket casing which is smaller at points intemediate its ends than the outside diameter of said flange, said casing being welded to said ange and said plate.

11. In engine construction, a cylinder having a thin integral flan e, a circumferentially beaded sheet metal jacket surrounding the cylinder and having its extreme end in contact with said fian e, said extreme end being welded to the en of said ange.

12. In an en ine, a cylinder unit comprising a cylinder arrel having a radial flan e, a. sheet metal jacket surrounding said cyllnder and being of external diameter no larger than the outside diameter of said ange, one end of the jacket and said fiange belng so welded together that the end of the jacket does not extend beyond the circumference of said flange.

13. In an en `ne, a cylinder unit comprising a cylinder arrel with flanges at its upper and lower ends, a water jacket casing surrounding said barrel and beaded inwardly at both ends so that its extreme edges extend radially outward parallel to and a ainst said flanges, said extreme edges eing welded to said anges respectively.

14. In an engine, a cylinder unit comprising a cylinder barrel with a. radial flange near its lower end, a plate secured to the upper end of the cylinder barrel, a water jacket casing circumferentially beaded inwardly at oints between its ends thereby making the beaded part of the casing smaller than the outside diameter of said flange, said casin being welded at its ends to said flange an said plate respectively.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

LIONEL M. WOOLSON.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1, 665, 396.

Granted April 1.0. 1928. to

LIONEL M. WOOLSON.

i It iai'hereby certified that error appears n the printed specification of the aboveu nlllbered patent requiring correctitm as follows: Page 1, lines 101 and 102, ystrike ont the werds "or water jacket casing" and insert the same to follow alter the word "jacket" and before the numeral "31" in line 102; and that said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the recordcf the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 31st day of July,l A. D. 1928.

(Seal) l M. J. Moore,

Acting Comisaioner of Patents. 

